最近韓國的 MERS 疫情有逐漸擴大的趨勢，也造成許多已報名韓國旅遊團的朋友們退團效應，但你知道退團時你能拿回多少錢嗎? 一般而言旅行社是依據什麼規定來計算這種狀況下的退費呢? 今天就讓我來跟大家分享一下吧!
6/2 「衛福部疾管署」雖已針對「韓國首爾」的旅遊疫情建議為「第二級(警示)」，「韓國其他地區」的旅遊疫情建議為「第一級(注意)」，而至 6/3 為止，外交部「國外旅遊警示分級表」，「首爾」地區已提升為「黃色」, 韓國其他地區仍維持為「灰色」(提醒注意)。上述兩個旅遊建議其中以「國外旅遊警示分級表」最值得重視，雖然外交部都會提醒大家這個警示表僅是參考用，並不盡然與旅行社退費機制有直接的連結，但實務上不可否認的通用來作為旅行社作為團員退團的主要參考依據。
(1)灰色警示－提醒注意 ( 以定型化契約第27條作為處理退費依據)
(2)黃色警示－特別注意旅遊安全並檢討應否前往 (以定型化契約第27條作為處理退費依據)
(3)橙色警示－高度小心，避免非必要旅行 (以定型化契約第28條之1作為處理退費依據)
(4)紅色警示－不宜前往 (以定型化契約第28條作為處理退費依據)
如此次大家跟團去韓國，而出團地點為「釜山」，那此時如果因為大家擔心 MERS 的疫情而想退團，此時的退費規定皆依「定型化契約」相關規定辦理，而由於目前除了「首爾(含京畿道地區)」外，其他的韓國地區目前屬「灰色警示」，所以退費將依「定型化契約第27條」處理。
如此次大家出團的地點是首爾，而目前首爾列為「黃色警示」地區，因此如想申請退費，旅行社也同樣會依「定型化契約第27條」辦理，端看你提出退費的時間距離出團日期有多久，而扣除相關賠償費用(10%~100%不等)。
如果將來疫情不幸擴大，外交部將首爾提升為「橙色」警示時，將依「定型化契約第28條之1」處理退費事宜，即「旅行社會扣掉已支付之必要費用後，最多得跟客人收取團費的5%後 將餘款退給大家。」 如不幸後續疫情更加擴大續而將警示分級調為「紅色警示」，那就將以「定型化契約第28條」辦理退費事宜，即「旅行社會扣掉已支付之必要費用後，將餘款退給大家。」
不過，有時旅行社也會從寬辦理，所以如大家這次或將來不幸出國時遇到這些不確定因素，建議大家除了了解一下定型化契約的退費規定外，也可直接跟旅行社了解一下他們的內部退費或提供的「轉團」規定，將本身的損失降到最低，一般而言，旅行社也會考量客人的權益，創造雙贏的局面。
以下就將這三條重要的契約條文提供給大家參考，其中「甲方: 旅客; 乙方: 旅行社」，希望本篇文章有助於大家了解本身的權利及義務，以備不時之需!
第27條 (出發前旅客任意解除契約)
甲方於旅遊活動開始前得通知乙方解除本契約，但應繳交證照費用，並依下列標準賠償乙方：
1. 通知於旅遊活動開始前第三十一日以前到達者，賠償旅遊費用百分之十。
2. 通知於旅遊活動開始前第二十一日至第三十日以內到達者，賠償旅遊費用百分之二十。
3. 通知於旅遊活動開始前第二日至第二十日以內到達者，賠償旅遊費用百分之三十。
4. 通知於旅遊活動開始前一日到達者，賠償旅遊費用百分之五十。
5. 通知於旅遊活動開始日或開始後到達或未通知不參加者，賠償旅遊費用百分之一百。
前項規定作為損害賠償計算基準之旅遊費用，應先扣除簽證費後計算之。
乙方如能證明其所受損害超過第一項之標準者，得就其實際損害請求賠償。
第28條 (出發前有法定原因解除契約）
因不可抗力或不可歸責於雙方當事人之事由，致本契約之全部或一部無法履行時，得解除契約之全部或一部，不負損害賠償責任。乙方應將已代繳之規費或履行本契約已支付之全部必要費用扣除後之餘款退還甲方。但雙方於知悉旅遊活動無法成行時應即通知他方並說明事由；其怠於通知致使他方受有損害時，應負賠償責任。
為維護本契約旅遊團體之安全與利益，乙方依前項為解除契約之一部後，應為有利於旅遊團體之必要措置（但甲方不得同意者，得拒絕之），如因此支出必要費用，應由甲方負擔。
第 28條之1：(出發前有客觀風險事由解除契約）
出發前，本旅遊團所前往旅遊地區之一，有事實足認定危害旅客生命、身體、健康、財產安全之虞者，準用前條規定，得解除契約。但解除之一方應按旅遊費用百之五補償他方(不得超過百分之五)
一般而言，我們旅行的起點都是從「機場」開始，我相信常自行出國的朋友們對於機場內的各項程序應該很清楚，但對於不常出國或大部分出國是跟團的朋友們，也許對於機場的通關程序有點清楚但又有點模糊。為了幫助大家喚起記憶或徹底了解一下各項程序，今天我就來幫大家詳細說明一下，下次出國時就不會霧煞煞了。
Generally speaking, an overseas trip starts from an airport. For those who travel overseas frequently without joining a tour group, they probably know the ins and outs of the airport departure procedures. In contrast, for those who don't travel abroad often or those who usually travel with a tour group with the assistance of a tour leader, the departure procedures might be a bit blurry or can be a bit complicated. So, today let me walk you through the airport departure procedures. I believe this will come in handy in the future.
國人出國最常出境的機場為「桃園國際機場」。在桃園國際機場的通關程序如下:
Most Taiwanese depart from Taoyuan International Airport, and the procedures are listed below:
Step 1: 外籍旅客辦理退稅 ( Step 1: Tax refund application)
Step 2: 機場報到劃位 (自助報到) (Step 2: Airport check-in) (Self check-in)
Step 3: 行李託運 (Step 3: luggage check in)
Step 4: 手提行李安檢 (Step 4: Security check)
Step 5: 證照查驗 (Step 5: Immigration; passport control)
Step 6: 免稅商店購物 (Step 6: Duty-free shopping)
Step 7: 登機 (Step 7: Boarding)
現在就讓我們來看一段影片，讓你更清楚整個出境流程吧!
Now, let's take a look at an introduction to the departure procedures in Taoyuan International Airport.
然而，以上的順序並非一成不變，有時會有更動。譬如有的機場在未進入機場之前，或是在進入機場之後，在前往「報到櫃檯」之前，你就會看到安檢人員及機器在等著你，此時你就必須要先將「手提行李」及「托運行李」全部放在行李輸送帶上，等它們通過 X 光機檢驗沒問題，你的人也通過「金屬探測器」後沒問題後，你才能順利到達「報到櫃檯」進行 check-in.
However, the departure procedures may not remain the same in every airport. It is not one-size-fits-all. It still varies from airport to airport depending on the policies of the country or the airport. For example, in some airports, you have to go through "security check" before you check in. In other words, before you enter the airport or right after you get into the airport, you have to put your checked baggage and carry-on baggage on the carousel first for X-ray inspection, and you also have to step through a metal detector (scanner). If there is no problem with both of your checked luggage and carry-ons, you can proceed to the check-in counter.
安檢更嚴格的機場，有時除了在 check-in 之前必須「安檢」，在過「證照查驗」前或在「證照查驗後」還會安排一次安檢。而我記得在 911 恐怖攻擊後，許多美國機場也加強安檢措施，連到了「登機門」要上飛機前，也會再進行搜身及檢查「隨身行李」一次。
At some airports with tighter security checks, you might have to go through a "security checkpoint" before or after you clear immigration. Not only that. After the 911 terrorist attacks, in some airports, the security guards will even have your carry-on bags inspected again and frisk you before boarding.
所以下次在國外的機場時，如果你在「進機場前」或 「check-in 前」遇到「安檢」一次 (檢查隨身及託運行李)，過「證照查驗前」或「證照查驗後」又遇到一次安檢 (檢查隨身行李)，最後登機前再來一次安檢(檢查隨身行李)，你會知道這些是正常的程序，雖然因為國家不同而有不同的規定及程序，但可千萬要耐住性子，畢竟愈嚴格的安檢也就代表著飛安愈有保障。
So, what's the worse case scenario? That is you might experience security checks three times before you get on your flight. One happens before you check in, another is carried out before/after you clear immigration, and the other happens before boarding. Now that you understand the various departure procedures, I believe even if the worst case scenario happens to you, you will not make a big deal out of it. Instead, you can take it lightly and stay patient. After all, tighter security checks usually mean better safety.
再來跟大家聊一下「退稅」順序。目前外籍旅客在桃園國際機場出境時，流程是 (1) 先至退稅櫃台辦理退稅; (2) 到航空公司櫃台報到及辦理行李託運。而在韓國的出境流程則不太相同，必須(1) 先至「航空公司櫃檯」報到劃位，取得登機證; (2) 再到海關辦理退稅及託運行李。所以即使是申請退稅的流程都不太相同，視所去的國家而定。有關在台灣退稅的詳細流程，日後將再寫一篇專文跟大家分享，造福一下外籍旅客，敬請期待! 至於國人常去的日本及韓國，雖然退稅流程及相關規定網路上資訊也很多，但我也會找時間整理一下，方便大家閱讀，作為下一次出國的參考資料。
Let's talk about the procedures for tax refund application. In Taoyuan International Airport, you have to go to the tax-refund counter for your application first and then proceed to the check-in counter for your seat assignment and luggage check-in. However, the procedures might be different in another country. For example, in Incheon International Airport in South Korea, you have to report to the check-in counter first and obtain your boarding pass before you can go to the customs to apply for tax refund and check in for your luggage. Maybe this might give you a headache if you don't travel abroad pretty often. All in all, it's not that difficult. What you have to do for tax refund application is basically the same. To help international travelers in Taiwan, I would like to write an article on how to apply for tax refund in Taiwan. Not only that. For Japan and Korea, the two travel destinations which most Taiwanese like, I will also make some time and put all the info together for your reference.
可能有人想了解一下何謂「自助報到」呢? 其實「自助報到」可節省旅客不少時間。目前許多航空公司都有提供「自助報到」的服務，重點就是「取得登機證」。這項工作有的出發前「在航空公司網站」或「航空公司 APP」即可進行，有的則在到達機場時利用「自助報到機」進行，省時又便利，對於沒託運行李的旅客更是方便，因為這樣子就可以直接進入管制區，直接通關了。而對於有託運行李的朋友其實也很方便，因為省去了與大家(尤其是團體行的旅客)排隊的時間，航空公司也常會設專有櫃台讓已經劃位取得登機證的旅客直接辦理「託運行李」的工作，建議這項服務大家其實可以善加利用。詳細流程，改天我再來寫一篇文章跟大家分享吧!
Some of you might be wondering what "self check-in" is. Well, first of all, you have to know "self check-in" is a great services, and it's offered by a lot of airline companies. If you can avail this service, you can save a lot of time without waiting in line. For passengers without any luggage to check, you can get yourself into the immigration in no time. For those of you who have luggage to check, after printing your boarding pass from the "self check-in" machine, usually there is a counter exclusively for travelers who just need "baggage drop". You can say "goodbye" to those passengers with a tour group in a long line at a leisure pace. I'll also write an article on "self check-in" in the future if you like.
Finally, there is one thing you might have to keep in mind when you travel to the Philippines. That is you have to pay "departure tax" after you check in. Without paying the "departure tax" (travel tax; terminal fee) and presenting the receipt, you can not even proceed to immigration. Even if you are an experienced traveler, you might ask what we have to pay "departure tax". Actually, in most countries, this tax has been included in your air fare. However, in the Philippines, as well as in Cambodia before, the "departure tax" is excluded. That's why. However, I do think this is something that can be improved and simplified.
經過今天的說明，不知道大家是否對機場通關的程序有基本的了解了呢? 希望對大家有幫助哦! 如有任何問題，也歡迎大家提出來討論哦!
Do you like this article? Hopefully this article helps you understand better about the departure procedures in an airport. Should you have any questions, just feel free to tell me. I'll be very happy to answer any questions you may have.